1. 下载mysql yum包

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

1. 安装muysql源

rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

1. 安装mysql服务端

yum install -y mysql-community-server

...Unable to find a match: mysql-community-server...

# 先执行
yum module disable mysql
# 再执行
yum -y install mysql-community-server

...The GPG keys listed for the "MySQL 5.7 Community Server" repository are already installed but they are not correct for this package...

rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

1. 启动mysql

systemctl start mysqld.service

1. 检查启动是否正常

systemctl status mysqld.service

1. 修改初始密码

# 先打印出来初始密码
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
# 用打印出来的初始密码进行登录
mysql -uroot -p
# 进入mysql的交互终端, 禁用掉密码复杂度的要求
set global validate_password_policy=0;
set global validate_password_length=1;
# 设置我们需要的密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';
# 再设置其他设备远程登录, 否则无法登陆成功
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

1. 设置开机自启动(记得退出mysql)

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

1. 设置字符集和默认引擎

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
 
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8
 
symbolic-links=0
 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

1. 重启mysql, 使配置生效

service mysqld restart

1. 开放防火墙

# 如果是firewall
firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
# 如果是iptables
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

1. 卸载仓库

yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

1. 后续数据库的基本操作

启动mysql：service mysqld start

停止mysql：service mysqld stop

重启mysql：service mysqld restart